Techniques to avoid lighting issues with a long shutter speed:
-Using a smaller aperture – so that not as much light can get through
-Decreasing the ISO – so the camera is not a sensitive to light
-Using a neutral density filter – to limit the amount of light passing through the lens
-Panning – moving your camera to follow along with the subject so the subject comes out in focus but the background is blurry
-Slow sync flash – uses the flash so that some elements are still in the shot while others are blurry